DC motors are classified into three types of motor. It's series motor,shunt motor, and compound motor. These motor are determined by the connection of between field winding and armature winding and the supply. We know that DC motor has only one type,but there's many types and we going to look only the basics. So lets look at it.
1. Series Motor
In series motors,field winding and armature winding are connected in series to the supply. The current flows through the field winding and will flows to the armature winding.When the voltage is supplied to the motor,there's no back EMF (Electro Motive Force) in the armature. This enable high initial current flows to the field winding and armature winding. This generate high initial torque. This kind of motor commonly use din CNC machine,Conveyor belt and cranes.
2. Shunt Motor
In shunt motors,field winding and the armature winding are connected in parallel to the supply. The parallel connection cause the field winding to be constant and the current in armature winding depends on back EMF. This DC motor is more suitable for constant speed without high initial speed. This motor is used in machine tools,polisher and sprayers.
3. Compound Motor
A compound motors have two field winding. One is connected to armature winding and the power supply. Another one is connected to parallel to the supply. This compound motors is the combination of series and shunt motor. The number of field winding is fewer in comparison to the shunt connection A compound motors has good starting torque at constant speed.This kind of motor is used in heavy machine like grinder machine and cutting machine.
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