Earthing and Grounding System for Homes and Industrial

 Every time you walk on grass in building site, you always seen this square cement box in the ground. When you open it, you see that a long copper tube plant in the ground. Wait!!! Are the people planting copper tube to make copper tree?!! Well dummies that not going to happen. These cement box and planting long copper tube about 'Earthing or Ground' in electrical terms. You might be confuse about this, so let look it out!!

Earthing or ground is about a safety method to avoid earth leakage from electrical appliance. This earthing and ground is done by connecting earth wire to electrical appliance and plant a long copper tube in the ground  to dissipate the overload current.

Now we just look theory about this,in next post we learn how earthing is done. Every house and building, it's necessary to connect earthing. This is a strict electrical rules depend on acts in countries.  Let's look at the material for this earthing.

1) Earthing copper tube electrode.

This is the copper tube inside the earth chamber, This tube is made of galvanize metal,copper,aluminum,stainless steel and more. Copper is the best. This long copper tube is plant in the ground to dissipate current. Remember!! not to grow Copper Trees. Copper Trees don't exist dummies.

2) Earth Chamber.

This earth chamber A.K.A house for copper tube due to protection from flood,rain droplets even your urine,if you go pee at this earth chamber.

3)  Electrode Clamp

This  electrode clamp is used for to connect earth wire to the copper tube by tightening up the bolt by this clamp.

4) Copper Tube Coupler

Used to join two or more earth copper tube.

5) Auxiliary Earth Spikes.

This are called earth spike. This used for to test ground resistance with the main earth electrode.

Now we know about the the earthing accessories. In next post, we going to learn how to install earthing for home and industrial. So stay tune!!!

ELECTRIFYING FACT OF THE DAY :

THERE'S 1 IN MILLION CHANCES OF GET ELECTROCUTE BY PEEING NEAR ELECTRICAL POLE, NEARBY TRANSFORMER OR LEAKED OVERHEAD CABLES 

Coulomb's Law

In 1784 Ta french physicist name Charles-Augustin De Coulomb introduce a brain frying law that students now days don't understand What The Heck!!! it is. Well this dude introduce Coulomb Law about how electric charge behave with a equation. Well dummies, if you have Einstein like brain you can easily understand this law, So let's look at Coulomb's law!!

Electric charge comes from transfer charges between two materials like  rubbing a cotton cloth with a iron rod. What happen is the the cotton cloth will positively charge and the rod will negatively charge. When Charles-Augustin De Coulomb observe this charges is :

Same electric charge repel and different electric charge attract. Like a magnet!!

Come on guys we already know about this electric charging behavior. But He use mathematical equation to predict how electric charge attract and repel. Well you are right now scratching your head how to understand??!! It's easy my fellow dummies.

The picture above shown is a Coulomb Torsion Balance. What the Heck this machine does??!! This machine is used to attract and repel the charge ball to determine how much force is applied to make the charge ball attract and repel. This how the machine works. Now a ball is positively charge. When the positively charge ball is place in the machine, the ball in insulation rod will attract the if the ball in insulating rod is negatively charge. If positively charged, it will repel. This repel and attract movement is calculate by the coulomb's equation is : 

To calculate the force made by this charge balls. Not the ball you think!!! :P I mean volley ball. So k is the constant electric force. The Q represent of electric charges in the balls and divide by the distance 'R²' So the coulomb guy says :


The force between two point charges is 

1. directly proportional to the magnitude of each charge (q₁, q₂),
2. inversely proportional to square of the separation between their centers (r),
3. directed along the separation vector connecting their centers (r̂).

 

 YOU KNOW WHAT THE CONSTANT ELECTRIC FORCE IS 9.0 x 10⁹ N.

:)  
   

 

How electricity flows through wire.

Hello people!!! glad too see you all. We know that electricity is a wonderful thing that power our homes in dark and make bright at night. It's important to know how electricity work around us and it's our responsibility. Now the question is how electricity flows through a conductor like copper or aluminum. Want to know about!!!! let look at it.

A conductor is made of less resistivity material like copper or aluminum and allows current flows into to power up electrical device. In order to know how the current flows into the conductor, you need to know about structure of ATOM!!!! Back to school dummies, we going to learn lesson something old that you already know!!!

In structure of atom consists proton,neutron and electron.Which is proton is positive,neutron is neutral and electron is negative. 

When the current pass through a conductor the electron will flows. That what will called 'Current' A force which make the electron move is called voltage. If a conductor has resistance, it will prevent electron flowing. If more voltage is added, the conductor will heat. Be careful when you wires, it make give a shock or make you pass out. 

Now we know how electrons move in conductor,so we know in electricity has two type of electrical current. Alternating current and Direct current. If you don't about this, go back to school or read entire my blog :P !!!!

In alternating current, electron move backward and forward. Did you remember the sine wave of AC. That's why the sine wave have positive amplitude and negative amplitude. Your home use  AC power. You want to feel how AC is? Touch a conductor with alternating current and you will get shock. Don't hold too long!!

  

In direct current, you don't have to worry about getting shock,because DC is safe if the current carries lots of electrons. It flows in one direction. That's all for DC dummies!! you no need to worry about.

 

ELECTRIFYING FACT OF THE DAY : 
THE SPEED OF ELECTRICITY IS 2.8×10⁸ M/S NEARLY AS SPEED OF LIGHT.

Types of antennas

Every time you watch game of thrones on Television, there's a thing top of on your house  roof sacrifice itself from hot sunny day to broadcast your favorite series!! Well you may think about your house antenna. Well you absolutely right. There's many types of antenna,but we going to see the antenna are around us. Well don't hurry dummies, We going to start now!!!.

Antennas, you many know it transmit and receive electrical signal A.K.A in form of electromagnetic wave. You forget about electromagnetic wave!!! See the previous post, it's interesting to learn it. So there's many types of antenna, but we only going to see antennas that around us. So lets look at it.

1) Television Antenna

This antenna is used when your mama and papa didn't have enough money to subscribe international broadcast channels, So this television antenna will broadcast only national channel that you might can't enjoy watching game of thrones. You don't have to pay for this national broadcast channel, It's totally free!!

2) Rabbit-ear antenna

Does it look like a rabbit ear?!! Definitely not I guess. This rabbit ear antenna is used as same as television antenna,but this antenna is inside your house. This antenna is mostly not used in this 21st Century because this antenna is too old. Maybe you can ask your grandma or grandpa,they used to watch TV with this antenna.

3) Parabolic Antenna

Well if you have this antenna, then you mama and papa have money to subscribe international broadcast channel like Skybox,Astro,VideoCOn and so on. This antenna is used now and always!! This antenna receive Micro wave from space that transmit by satellite and goes to the biggest antenna that  receive and send to your antenna. Now you can enjoy watching game of thrones using this antenna. Wait pay the montly subscribe to your decoder.

4) Radio antenna

Wait!!! I know you think about your kitchen radio antenna,but this radio antenna is more badass then your kitchen radio antenna. This radio antenna is for to transmit and receive SMS,Calls, MMS and whatever!!. Let say you message your girlfriend 'Hey Honey <3' Then this message will transmit to this antenna at radio tower and receive back to your girlfriend's phone. Hope your girlfriend don't mad at you.

5) WIFI Antenna 

Hey I know this antenna!!! I always see this antenna will I blogging this post. Well This modern technological era rely on this antenna. Without this antenna your phone will be useless,you can't see your girlfriend's facebook in laptop and I cant make blog you all dummies!! Because this is WIFI antenna that only transmit internet to your house range only. You have make a strong password that prevent anyone from hacking your wifi.

Hey WIFI stand for (Wireless Fidelity)!! Are you happy now for know that.

6) WIMAX Antenna 

This antenna you probably saw at buildings,college and other tall buildings. This Is High tech antenna is more badass than the radio antenna. This antenna can transmit and receive national broadcast channel, Mobile subscription and free Internet. This antenna can send signal in 120,180 and 360 degree. You can access free internet from this antenna and play Pokemon Go!!. Hope you don't get hit by a car.

WELL THAT'S ALL FOR ANTENNA. IF YOU HAVE QUESTION, LEAVE A COMMENT DOWN AND KEEP ELECTRIFY. 

 
 

Electromagnetism : Stepper Motor

Heloo dummies!!!! You may heard about 3D printer,electronic robotic arms,and so on have one kind of motors that turn several degree to move like 3D printer. This motor is so cool than the brushed DC motor. Well you may think about what the motor is so cool about. Then you are will know about the stepper motor right now!! lets get started.

Stepper motor is a motor that run by direct current with commands come from ECU (Electronic Control Unit). This stepper motors is look like brushed DC motor and it's works like brushless DC motor. Lets look the parts of stepper motor.

The picture above shown is a parts of stepper motor. Now we going to look at the two main parts of stepper motor. One is the permanent magnet another is the coils.
Stepper motor has many coils,but the coil is individually controlled by ECU like in a 3D printer. The permanent magnet has its own magnetic field and the coil will make its own temporary magnetic field. Now the operation of this stepper motor goes like this.

Each coil has it's own incoming line. This incoming lie is controlled by ECU. The picture above shown is the stepper motor and it's have two coils. The rotor has gear shape teeth that has the north pole in sharp teeth and the south pole in lower part of the teeth. When the coil 1 is energized, the north pole teeth will attract and the south pole will energize in another coil 1. When the coil 2 is energize, the both coil 1 is de energize. So the north pole teeth will attract the coil2 and the south pole will attract to another coil 2. This is principle operation 2 phase stepper motor means it has 2 coil to make one rotation of the rotor.

These stepper motors are so common in 3D printers. The 3D printer control unit send commands to the stepper to move in X and Y position and another stepper motor will move in Z position. So these position will make a perfect 3D model.

How to make thread and coupling for conduit and PVC

Making thread for conduit and PVC is easy. You need special tools for make thread to conduit but you no need to to use special to make coupler for PVC. So what is the reason to make thread and coupling for PVC and conduit. Well it's about the wiring to do make it perfect. Then how to make thread for PVC and conduit? 

To make thread and coupling for conduit you need to use stock and dies. It's a tool to make thread on conduit manual.Nowdays to make it fast to do thread on conduit, workers use thread machine that can make thread in various size of conduit. So let's look at  the stock and dies.

The picture above shown is stock and dies and its part. so the working of the tool by changing the position of knob to make thread on conduit.

Dies size 

There's variety of thread maker size for different kind of conduit size. Different size of thread maker amke thread on different size of conduit. So you need to place the right thread maker for right conduit to make thread.

Conduit Thread and coupling : 

First step : Insert conduit in stock and dies 

Second step : Now turn the left and right knob in right and push the handle to the right too.

 Third step : You see the stock and dies are now goes inward while making thread by pushing to the right.

Fourth step : Now turn the left and right knob in left and push the handle to left

Fifth step : You will see the stock and dies goes outward while throw away 

Sixth step : Now you got perfect thread on conduit.

Seventh step : Take a conduit coupler and screw tightly on it. Now you have thread at end of the conduit with coupling.

PVC Coupling 

Take a PVC pipe and PVC coupler. Now just insert the coupler and your are done.