Example, take a polythene rod and a dry woolen cloth. Rub the polythene rod with polythene rod. what will you see is electron (negatively charge) are pulled from woolen cloth to the polythene rod. The woolen cloth will positively charge. It's mean the polythene rod will gain electron and the woolen loose electron.
Electrostatics can be detected by using a gold leaf electroscope.
When a charge object touches the metal cap at the top of electroscope,some of charges transfer to the gold leaf. If similar charges on the gold leaf, It will repel. when positively charge brought near to the metal cap,it will give more positive charge and diverges the gold leaf more. Electrons are attracted to the metal cap by postively charges on rod. The gold leaf and the metal plate have more postive charge,so the gold leaf will repelled.
Effect on static electricity.
Rub a balloon on a wool sweater. The balloon collects negative
electrical charges on its surface and the wool collects positive
charges. You can then stick the balloon to the wall, which does not have
an excess of either charge. The balloon will also stick to the wool,
although the charges may jump back to the original material in a short
time.
Most electronics are not harmed by the typical static charge that they would receive from a person touching. The main component affected by these devious charges are semiconductors.
This is because they incorporate various delicate components, and when a
negative charge is discharged onto it by virtue of static, it causes
failures, as there is no conductor that can dissipate, hence causing
damage.
like microchip, semi conductors. So people will wear ESD (electrostatic discharge)band.
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